Biomarkers in Cancer

A biomarker is a measurable biological factor that can provide information about specific aspects of human health. Biomarkers can provide insights into each patient's individual cancer—its genetic makeup, behavior patterns, and interactions with the immune system—in the context of cancer immunotherapy.

Already, several biomarkers have been incorporated (to varying degrees) into clinical practice, while others’ value has only recently been recognized and is still being explored. Some of the most promising biomarkers today in the context of immunotherapy include:

• Tumor-Associated Proteins
• Pre-Existing Immune Responses
• Pre-Existing Immune ResponsesPD-1/PD-L1 Expression
• Tumor Mutations
• The Microbiome