Emerging Infectious Diseases

Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) are newly identified diseases or those that have increased in frequency or geographic spread. They often arise due to factors such as zoonotic transmission (from animals to humans), climate change, antimicrobial resistance, and global travel. Examples include COVID-19, Zika virus, and Ebola, which have caused significant health crises in recent years. EIDs can spread rapidly, especially in areas with weak healthcare systems. Preventing and controlling these diseases require early surveillance, rapid response, vaccination, and global cooperation. A One Health approach, focusing on human, animal, and environmental health, is crucial in mitigating the impact of EIDs.